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Harappan/ Indus Civilization sites and Archaeological finds

Site
Archaeological Finds
Harappa
6 Granaries in row, Working floors, Workmen’s  quarters, Virgin- Goddess (seal), Cemetery (R-37,H), Stone symbols of Lingam (male sex organ ) and Yoni ( female sex organ ), Painted  Pottery, Clay figures of Mother Goddess, Wheat and Barley in wooden mortar , Copper scale, Crucible for bronze, Copper – made mirror, Vanity box , Dice.
Mohenjodaro
Great Granary, Great Both (the largest building of civilization), Assembly hall, Shell Strips, Pashupati Mahadeva/ Proto-Shiva (seal ), Bronze Image of a nude women dancer, Steatite image of bearded man, Human skeletons huddled together,  Painted seal (Demi- God), Clay figures of Mother Goddess ,A fragment of woven cotton , Brick Kilns , 2 Mesopotamian seals, 1398 seals (56%of total seals of civilization), Duce.
Chanhudaro
City without a citadel, Inkpot, Lipstick; Metal – workers’, shell –ornament   makers’ and bead – makers’ shops; Imprint  of dog’s paw on a brick, Terracotta model of a bullock cart, Bronze toy cart.  
Lothal
Dockyard, Rice husk; Metal –workers’,  shell- ornament makers’ and bead –makers’ shopes; Fire altars, Terracotta figurine of a horse, Double burial ( burying a male and a female in a single  graver),  Terracotta model of a ship, Dying vat , Persian/ Iranian seal,  Baharainean  seal, Painted jar (bird and fox) 
Kalibanga
Ploughed field surface (Pre-Harappan), 7 Fire altars, Decorated bricks , Wheels of  a toy cart, Mesopotamian cylindrical  seal                
Banawali
Lack of chess- board or gridiron pattern town planning , Lack of systematic drainage system, Toy plough, Clay figures of Mother Goddess.                          
Dholavira
A  unique water harnessing system and its storm water drainage system , a large well and a bath (giant water reservoirs), Only site to be divided into 3 ARTS, Largest Harappan  inscription used for civic  purposes, A stadium.
Surkotada
Bones of horse , Oval grave , pot burials.
Daimabad
Bronze images  (Charioteer with chariot, ox, elephant and rhinoceros)


Mohenjodaro – the largest site of Indus Civilization, Rakhigarhi_ The largest Indian site of Indus  Civilization.

Ancient India - Harappan/ Indus Civilization (Site,River,District,State/Province,Country,Excavators)

Site
River
District
State/Province
Country
Excavators
Harappa
Ravi
Sahiwal
Punjab
Pakistan
Daya Ram Sahni (1921),Madho Swaroop  Vatsa (1926), Wheeler ( 1946)
Mohenjodaro (Nakhlistan i.e. Oasis of Sindh)
Indus
Larkana
Sindh
Pakistan
Rakhal  Das Bannerji  (1922), Mackay  (1927) Wheeler (1930)                                 
Chanhudaro
Indus
Nawabshah
Sindh
Pakistan
Mackay (1925),  N.G. Mazumdar (1931)
Lothal
Bhogava
Ahmedabad
Gujarat
India
S.R.Rao (                   1954)
Kalibanga  (i.e. the bangles of black colour)
Ghaggar
Hanumangarh
Rajasthan
India
Amalanand Ghosh (1951), B.V. Lal and B.K.Thapar (1961)
Banawali
Ghaggar
Fatehabad
Haryana
India
R.S. Bist (1973)
Dholavira
Luni
Kutchh
Gujarat
India
J.P. Joshi  (1967-68)
TAGS:Ancient India - (Site,River,District,State/Province,Country,Excavators), ANCIENT HISTORY, Ancient India, civil service general knowledge,

Ancient India

1.       Harappan/ Indus Civilization  (2500 BC -1750 BC)

The 89 oldest name – Indus Civilization.

According  to archaeological  tradition ,  the most appropriate name_   Harappan  Civilization ( Harappa – the First discovered site).

According to geographical point of view, the most suitable  name_  Indus  _ Saraswati  Civilization (the largest concentration of settlement  - along the Indus  - Saraswati   river  valley; 80%  settlement along the Saraswati).

The most accepted period_ 2500 BC -1750 BC(by Carbon -14 dating).

John Marshall  was the first scholar to use the term ‘Indus Civilization’.

The Indus Civilization belongs to Proto- Historic Period ( Chalcolithic Age / Bronze Age).

The Indus Civilization was spread over Sindh,   Baluchistan ,  Punjab,  Haryana, Rajasthan  , Gujarat,  Western  U.P. and Northern  Maharashtra.

Scholars  generally believe that Harappa – Ghaggar- Mohenjodaro axis  represents the  heartland  of the Indus Civilization.

The Northern – most site of Indus  Civilization – Ropar   (Sutlej)/Punjab (Earlier); Manda (     Chenab)/ Jammu-  Kashmir (Now ). The Southern- most site of Indus Civilization  _ Bhagatrav  ( Kim)/Gujarat  (Earlier); Daimabad (Pravara)/ Maharasssshtra (Now).
The Eastern –most site of Indus Civilization_ Alamgirpur ( Hindon/ Uttar Praddesh.

The WESTERN – Most site of Indus Civilization- Sutkagendor  (Dashk)/Makran Coast , Pakistan_ Iran Border.

Capital Cities - Harappa,  Mohenjodaro
Port Cities -  Lothal , Sutkagendor,  Allahdino , Balakot , Kuntasi