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The Russian revolution for 1917 was one of the most significant
events of 20th century. It established the ideology of Marxism. It
was a great revolution after French revolution which was not limited to Russia
but affected several countries of the world.
·
The great revolution in Russia took place in two stages. The first
stage of Russian revolution began in March 1917 with the overthrow of the czar
Nicholas II. The second stage in now. Of the same year led to the establishment
of the world’s first communist state by Bolsheviks under Lenin.
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The basic cause’s of the revolution were deep – seated. The
government was aut9ocratic. The czar ws the source of all authority and his
powers were vigorously exercised by corrupt and inefficient bureaucracy. The
general standard of living of the people was tragically low. There was general
standard of living of the people was tragically low. There was little social
freedom. All Russians were forced to support the Orthodox Church.
·
The immediate cause of the event was however the suffering and
confusion caused by Russian disastrous defeats during world war I. Her armies lacked arms and admonition. Prices
soared high and the economy was in shambles.
·
Russian revolution began with March revolution (February
revolution, according to old Russian calendar). Disorders broke out in
Petrograd (now Leningrad), the Russian capital, in mach1917, Czar Nicholas II
ws forced to abdicate. (he and his family were later killed by the
revolutionaries).
·
A provisional ;government composed of liberal and democratic
elements (Mensheviks group) under the successive premiership of prince Lvov and
then Aleksandra kern sky lost
Ground to the radical wing (Bolsheviks group) of the social
democratic labor party.
·
The Bolsheviks led by Lenin, seized power in Petrograd on Nov. 7,
1917 – November revolution (October revolution (October revolution, according
to the old Russian calendar). The Kerensky government was over thrown and
authority was vested in a council of commissars (ministers) with Lenin as
premier.
·
The new government immediately decreed the abolition of private
land ownership and set up a dictatorship of the proletariat – actually of the
communist party, as the Bolsheviks came too called.
·
The Bolsheviks extended their authority over a large part of
European Russia, but elsewhere they faced the resistance of the anti-actually
of Bolshevik parties. The resulting civil war lasted till 1920 and was
complicated by foreign intervention. The communists were ultimately in
undisputed control of the country.
·
In the period between 1917 and 1920, the communists took drastic
action against internal enemies, or counter – revolutionaries, as they were
called. Former landlords, capitalists, czarist officers, etc. were arrested,
exiled or executed; the czar and his family were killed.
·
In 1923, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.SR.) came
into being. Its constitution declared the establishment of a ‘republic of
workers and factories, mines, banks and railroads, was vested in the state. The
state which is known officially as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
(U.S.S.R.) also commonly referred to as the soviet Russia, or just Russian.